1. 1 outlook
2 downfall
3 make-up
4 takeover
5 breakthrough
6 uprising
7 comeback
8 outbreak
2. They were convicted criminals.
The British expected them to build settlements that could be used for later immigrants.
3. 1 known
2 arrival
3 apprehension
4 worried
5 biggest
6 was chosen
7 useful
8 making
9 beginning
10 unsuitable
11 poorly
12 shortage
13 starvation
14 safety
15 foundations
4. 1 It commemorates the arrival of the first British immigrants to Australia.
2 Forcing someone to leave their country because they had committed a crime.
3 Escape was very difficult; the criminals provided free labour to build settlements for later immigrants.
4 It was unsuitable for growing crops.
5 Ships arrived carrying food and tools, saving the convicts’ lives.
5. 1 apprehension
2 harsh
3 settlement
4 set up
5 run out